Nrf2在协调诱导那些编码许多应激反应和细胞保护酶及相关蛋白
已经有超过500个基因被确认是通过Nrf2/ARE通路被SFN激活的,这很可能低估了正在被发现的其他基因的数量。
大量的细胞保护基因被上调,包括编码内源性酶和非酶抗氧化剂以及II相解毒酶。Nrf2在协调诱导那些编码许多应激反应和细胞保护酶及相关蛋白的基因中起着关键作用。包括NAD(P)H:醌还原酶1(NQO1)、血氧合酶1(HO-1)、谷氨酸半胱氨酸连接酶(GCL)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX1)、硫氧还蛋白(TXN)、硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TXNRD1)和PPAR-γ(PPARG)。
这些内源产生的酶和非酶分子通常不被认为必须起“抗氧化剂”的作用,即使它们在细胞需要时表现出显著的氧化还原调节能力。
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